Browsers List

Browsers List

browserslist is a configuration file that determines which browsers your project should support. It is used by many tools, including Autoprefixer, Babel, and Stylelint, to automatically add vendor prefixes and polyfills to your CSS and JavaScript code.

Here is an example configuration for browserslist:

"browserslist": {
  "production": [
    ">0.2%",
    "not dead",
    "not op_mini all"
  ],
  "development": [
    "last 1 chrome version",
    "last 1 firefox version",
    "last 1 safari version"
  ]
}

This configuration specifies that in production, the project should support browsers with a global usage of more than 0.2%, excluding any browsers that are considered “dead” or that use the op_mini rendering engine. In development, the project should support the latest version of Chrome, Firefox, and Safari.

You can customize this configuration to fit your specific needs, such as adding support for older browsers or excluding certain browsers.

What is Autoprefixer and how does it use browserslist?

Autoprefixer is a tool that automatically adds vendor prefixes to your CSS code based on the browserslist configuration. It uses the browserslist configuration to determine which browser versions to add prefixes for.

For example, if your browserslist configuration specifies that you want to support the last two versions of all major browsers, Autoprefixer will add the necessary prefixes for those versions. This means that you don't have to manually add prefixes for each browser version, which can be time-consuming and error-prone.

Autoprefixer is typically used as a PostCSS plugin, which means that it is integrated into your build process. When you run your build process, Autoprefixer will automatically add the necessary prefixes to your CSS code based on the browserslist configuration.

In summary, Autoprefixer uses the browserslist configuration to automatically add vendor prefixes to your CSS code, making it easier to support multiple browser versions.

What is Babel and how does it use browserslist?

Babel is a tool that allows you to write modern JavaScript code and then transpile it into code that can run in older browsers. It uses the browserslist configuration to determine which browser versions to target when transpiling your code.

For example, if your browserslist configuration specifies that you want to support the last two versions of all major browsers, Babel will transpile your code to work in those versions. This means that you can write modern JavaScript code using features that may not be supported in older browsers, and Babel will automatically transpile that code to work in those browsers.

Babel is typically used as a build tool, which means that it is integrated into your build process. When you run your build process, Babel will transpile your JavaScript code based on the browserslist configuration.

In summary, Babel uses the browserslist configuration to transpile modern JavaScript code into code that can run in older browsers, making it easier to write modern code while still supporting older browsers.

What is Stylelint and how does it use browserslist?

Stylelint is a tool that checks your CSS code for errors and enforces consistent coding styles. It can also automatically fix some errors and enforce certain styles.

Stylelint uses the browserslist configuration to determine which browser versions to support when checking your CSS code. This is important because some CSS features may not be supported in older browsers, and Stylelint can help you avoid using those features if they are not supported.

For example, if your browserslist configuration specifies that you want to support the last two versions of all major browsers, Stylelint will check your CSS code to make sure that it works in those versions. If you use a CSS feature that is not supported in those versions, Stylelint will flag it as an error.

Stylelint is typically used as a PostCSS plugin, which means that it is integrated into your build process. When you run your build process, Stylelint will check your CSS code based on the browserslist configuration.

In summary, Stylelint uses the browserslist configuration to check your CSS code for errors and enforce consistent coding styles, making it easier to support multiple browser versions.

What is the purpose of using `browserslist` with PostCSS plugins?

The purpose of using browserslist with PostCSS plugins is to ensure that your CSS code is compatible with the browsers that you want to support. PostCSS plugins, such as Autoprefixer and Stylelint, use the browserslist configuration to determine which browser versions to support when processing your CSS code.

For example, if your browserslist configuration specifies that you want to support the last two versions of all major browsers, Autoprefixer will add the necessary vendor prefixes for those versions, and Stylelint will check your CSS code to make sure that it works in those versions.

Using browserslist with PostCSS plugins can help you avoid using CSS features that are not supported in the browsers that you want to support, and it can also help you ensure that your CSS code is consistent across different browsers.

In summary, using browserslist with PostCSS plugins can help you ensure that your CSS code is compatible with the browsers that you want to support, making it easier to create cross-browser compatible web applications.

Here are some examples of vendor prefixes that Autoprefixer might add to your CSS code:

/* Before Autoprefixer */
.example {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
}

/* After Autoprefixer */
.example {
  display: -webkit-box;
  display: -webkit-flex;
  display: -ms-flexbox;
  display: flex;
  -webkit-box-pack: center;
  -webkit-justify-content: center;
      -ms-flex-pack: center;
          justify-content: center;
}

In this example, Autoprefixer has added vendor prefixes for the display and justify-content properties to ensure that they work in older browsers. The -webkit- prefix is used for Safari and other WebKit-based browsers, the -ms- prefix is used for Internet Explorer, and the unprefixed version is used for modern browsers.

Here’s another example:

/* Before Autoprefixer */
.example {
  transition: transform 0.3s;
}

/* After Autoprefixer */
.example {
  -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform 0.3s;
          transition: transform 0.3s;
}

In this example, Autoprefixer has added a vendor prefix for the transition property to ensure that it works in older versions of Safari.

These are just a few examples of the many vendor prefixes that Autoprefixer can add to your CSS code.

What is the purpose of using PostCSS with `browserslist`?

The purpose of using PostCSS with browserslist is to automate the process of adding vendor prefixes and polyfills to your CSS and JavaScript code based on the browsers that you want to support. PostCSS plugins, such as Autoprefixer, use the browserslist configuration to determine which browser versions to support when processing your CSS code.

For example, if your browserslist configuration specifies that you want to support the last two versions of all major browsers, Autoprefixer will add the necessary vendor prefixes for those versions. This means that you don't have to manually add prefixes for each browser version, which can be time-consuming and error-prone.

Using PostCSS with browserslist can also help you avoid using CSS and JavaScript features that are not supported in the browsers that you want to support, and it can help you ensure that your code is consistent across different browsers.

In summary, using PostCSS with browserslist can help you automate the process of adding vendor prefixes and polyfills to your CSS and JavaScript code based on the browsers that you want to support, making it easier to create cross-browser compatible web applications.

Here’s an example of how Babel can use browserslist to transpile modern JavaScript code into code that can run in older browsers:

{
  "presets": [
    [
      "@babel/preset-env",
      {
        "targets": {
          "browsers": [
            "last 2 versions",
            "> 1%",
            "IE 11"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  ]
}

In this example, Babel is configured to use the @babel/preset-env preset, which automatically determines which plugins to use based on the targets configuration. The targets configuration specifies that the code should be transpiled to work in the last two versions of all major browsers, any browser with more than 1% global usage, and Internet Explorer 11.

Babel will then transpile your modern JavaScript code into code that can run in those browsers, adding any necessary polyfills and other features as needed.

Using browserslist with Babel can help you write modern JavaScript code using features that may not be supported in older browsers, while still ensuring that your code works in those browsers.

What is the purpose of using `browserslist` with ESLint?

The purpose of using browserslist with ESLint is to ensure that your JavaScript code is compatible with the browsers that you want to support. ESLint is a tool that checks your JavaScript code for errors and enforces consistent coding styles, and it can use the browserslist configuration to determine which browser versions to support when checking your code.

For example, if your browserslist configuration specifies that you want to support the last two versions of all major browsers, ESLint will check your JavaScript code to make sure that it works in those versions. If you use a JavaScript feature that is not supported in those versions, ESLint will flag it as an error.

Using browserslist with ESLint can help you avoid using JavaScript features that are not supported in the browsers that you want to support, and it can help you ensure that your JavaScript code is consistent across different browsers.

In the given package.json excerpt, the eslintConfig property specifies that the @typescript-eslint/parser parser should be used, and that the react-app and react-app/jest configurations should be extended. The browserslist property specifies that in production, the project should support browsers with a global usage of more than 0.2%, excluding any browsers that are considered "dead" or that use the op_mini rendering engine. In development, the project should support the latest version of Chrome, Firefox, and Safari.

To configure browserslist in your project, you can create a .browserslistrc file in the root of your project directory, or you can add a browserslist property to your package.json file.

Here’s an example of what a .browserslistrc file might look like:

## Browsers that we support

last 2 versions
> 1%
IE 11

In this example, we are specifying that we want to support the last two versions of all major browsers, any browser with more than 1% global usage, and Internet Explorer 11.

Alternatively, you can add a browserslist property to your package.json file, like this:

{
  "name": "my-project",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "browserslist": [
    "last 2 versions",
    "> 1%",
    "IE 11"
  ],
  "dependencies": {
    "example-dependency": "^1.0.0"
  }
}

In this example, we are specifying the same browserslist configuration as before, but we are adding it to our package.json file instead of creating a separate file.

Once you have configured browserslist, you can use it with various tools, such as PostCSS, Babel, and ESLint, to ensure that your code is compatible with the browsers that you want to support.

What is the purpose of using `browserslist` with webpack?

The purpose of using browserslist with webpack is to ensure that your JavaScript code and CSS styles are compatible with the browsers that you want to support. webpack is a module bundler that can use the browserslist configuration to determine which browser versions to support when building your application.

For example, if your browserslist configuration specifies that you want to support the last two versions of all major browsers, webpack will build your application with that in mind. This means that webpack can automatically add any necessary polyfills and other features to your code to ensure that it works in those browsers.

Using browserslist with webpack can help you avoid using JavaScript and CSS features that are not supported in the browsers that you want to support, and it can help you ensure that your code is consistent across different browsers.

In summary, using browserslist with webpack can help you ensure that your JavaScript code and CSS styles are compatible with the browsers that you want to support, making it easier to create cross-browser compatible web applications.

How can I check which browsers are supported by my `browserslist` configuration?

GitHub Copilot: You can check which browsers are supported by your browserslist configuration by using the browserslist command-line tool. Here’s how:

Install the browserslist tool globally by running the following command in your terminal:

npm install -g browserslist

Once the installation is complete, you can run the browserslist command followed by your browserslist configuration to see which browsers are supported. For example, if your browserslist configuration is in your package.json file, you can run the following command:

browserslist “last 2 versions, > 1%, IE 11”

This will output a list of browsers that match your browserslist configuration, along with their versions:

and_chr 95

and_ff 94

and_qq 10.4

and_uc 12.12

android 95

chrome 95

edge 95

firefox 94

ie 11

ios_saf 15.1–15.2

op_mini all

opera 82

safari 15

samsung 14.0

In this example, the browserslist configuration is ”last 2 versions, > 1%, IE 11", and the output shows the browsers that match this configuration.

You can also use the browserslist tool with other options, such as specifying a path to a specific browserslist configuration file or using the — coverage option to see the percentage of global usage covered by your browserslist configuration.

What is Autoprefixer and how does it use browserslist?​

What is Babel and how does it use browserslist?​

What is Stylelint and how does it use browserslist?​

What is the purpose of using browserslist with PostCSS plugins?​

What is the purpose of using PostCSS with browserslist?​

What is the purpose of using browserslist with ESLint?​

What is the purpose of using browserslist with webpack?​

How can I check which browsers are supported by my browserslist configuration?​